Manufacture of pneumatic tires



(No ModeL) I 2 Sheets -Sheet 1. E. W. YOUNG. MANUPAGTURE-OF PNEUMAIIGTIRE;

No. 591,907. Patented-Oot. ;19,18 97.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' E. W'.-- YOUNG.

MANUFAGTURB 0F PNEUMATIC TIRES.

No. 591,907. Patented 001;. 19,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERN :s'r w. rornc, or AUSTIN, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'ro'rnn MORGAN &

' WRIGHT, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MANUFACTURE OF PNEUMATiC TIRES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,907, dated October 19, 1897.

Application filed June 28, 1897.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST W. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Austin, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Pneumatic Tires, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of aconstruction of pneumatic tire involvin g an annular tubular casing and a relatively thin inner tube cemented to the inner surface of the casing.

Letters Patent of the United States No. 560, ll2l,'graulcd to me August 18, 1896, and issued to-Morgan & \Vright, as assignee, describe separately vulcanizing the inner tube and the casing; introducing the inner tube within the casing; introducing liquid cement between the inner surface of the casing and the outer surface of the innertube, and then inflating the'inncr tube so as to press its outer surface against the inner surface of the'casing and thereby cause such opposing cemented surfaces to unite. In manufacturing such pneumatic tires, ithas been found difficult to evenly spread the cement and provide a suitably thin layer of cement of uniform thickness between the inner tube and casing, and frequently a wrinkle or gather or the like in the inner tube will form a pocket in which an undue quantity of cement will collect and remain. It is also found that where the cement is thus introduced between the tube and ing the flow of surplus cement to the opening in the casing, preparatory to inflating the inner tube, is retarded, sometimes to an extent to leave an objectionable quantity of cement in the tire. As a result of these objectionable features, an undesirable percentage of imperfect tires has been incurred and corresponding loss involved.

The object oi. my invention is to overcome all of such objectionable features; to produce more perfect tires; and also to prod ucc them more rapidly and economically. To the at iainmcnt of these and other useful ends, I separately form and vulcanizc the casing and the inner tube; then coat the surface of the casing with suitable liquid cement, and then permit the latter to dry. I then introduce the Serial No. 642.689. (No model.)

coating of cement which is on the inner surface of the casing to theaction of asolvent to an extent to soften up and again render the cement suitably sticky, after which I iniiate the inner tube so as to cause its outer surface to properly adhcretothe inner surface of the casing.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a section taken longitudinally through a portion of the casing having itsinuer surface coated with cement. Fig. 2 is a like view, illustrating the inner tube within the casing, the ends of the inner tube being telcscoped and the said tube being uninfiated. Fig. 3

and cemented to the casing.

View showing the tube provided with internally-arranged patching fabric. Fig. 5 is a section on line m min Fig. 3. Fig. (5 is a secable, however, to construct it with one or more inner layers of fabric, as at a, and'an outer layer c of rubber or. rubber compound.

The inner-tube ll, which is of suitable impervious material, is preferably made of rubber, and in such case is vulcanized separate from the casing.

A suitable slit or opening, as at (F, is made in the casing, and before introducing the inner tube a suitable quantity of liquid ocmcnt, such as the rubber cement employed by rubber manufacturers for cementing rubber articles, is introduced into the casing through the opening in the latter, and caused to spread over the entire inner surface of the casing. duccd by a suitable injector, but as a simple, rapid, and convenient way a quantity of the liquid ccznent-i'or example, about a pintcan be simply poured into the casing, and by then cireunifercntially turning the casing whilc in a vertical plane and during such operation manually kneading or exerting a rubbing and pressing action upon a portion of the casing supported by a bed or table, the liquid air-tube within the casing, and subject the 'is a like view showing the inner tube inflated Fig. 4 is a like for pneumatic-tire casings, it being prefer- This liquid cement can be iutro- IOO 'cement whichhas been introduced within 1 through the opening in the casing will bev caused to rapidly work along the entire length of annular bore-or passage in the casing, and,

while thus passing along such bore orpassage,

the cement will be distributed over the wall thereof. After this most ofthe surplus cement can at once be emptied from the casing through the opening in the latter and by then hanging up the casing for a short time all .further surplus cement will find its Way to the said opening, through which it can be readily discharged; As a further step, the

7 inner tubewithinthe casing.

cement in the casing is permitted to dry, or harden to an extent to lose the stickiness, which would interfere with the drawing'of an For example, a casing thus treated with cement, and left over night, will be in condition to permit an inner tube to be drawn in without sticking,

and without rubbing oifor injuring the thin coating of cement on the inner surface of the casing. -As a further step, the inner tube is drawn into the casing, and the cement on the- .inner surface of the casing is then subjected to the action of a solvent-such as gasolene, benzene, or the like-to an extent toagain render it sticky, after-which the inner tube can be inflated, so as to cause its outer surface to adhere to the inner cemented surface of the casing and thereby provide the latter with a smooth, tubular lining.

' Preferably, the ends of the inner tube are closedor-telescoped preparatory to iHtvY-OdllG-r rately closed and lapped within' the casing,

but I prefer to telescope such ends, whereby a continuous tube is provided, and in such case it is ,desirable to temporarily inflate the .inner tube, so as to test the joint formed by telescoping the ends of the tube before the cement has been softened by a solvent. The solvent, for example, in quantity about equal to the q-uantityof cement previously introduced, asherein-before stated, can be easily introduced through the slit or opening in the casing, and by then suitably manipulating the casing -for example, in the way hereinbe- I fore mentioned in connection.with the cement-the solvent can be caused to pass over, the entire layer of cement," after which all surplus solvent can be readily emptied out of the casing through the openi'ng'in the latter.

The short slit or opening in the casing which has been made for the introduction of the air-tube, and other matters hereinbefore referred to, can be finally'closed in any de sired wayfor example, by lacing or lacing and oementation, or by any suitable mechanical means, and it can also be" concealed by any suitable strip. or layer cemented upon the casing.

The inner tube can, if desired, be provided with any known or suitablearrangement of patching; fabric inyolving one [or more lay-. ers. For example, it can be provided with a web or layer 0, attached to the inner side of the inner tube and arranged whereby it can he picked up and cemented to the side of the inner tube nearest the tread of the tire, for the purpose of closing punctures.

,The tire thus made can also be opened at any point for purposes of repair without destroying the inner tube. For example, after cutting through the casing at the base of the tire, the portion of the inner tube adjacent to the opening thus made can be pulled away from the inner surface ofthe casing, and *where the tire has been in use for a long time, the application of a solvent, such as gasolene or the'like, will facilitate such separation of the inner tube from the inner wall of the'casing. After a repair-has been thus made, the portion of' :the inner tube which has been separated from the casing can be again cementedto the latter, and the slit in the casing can be laced'up or otherwise suitably closed.

With reference to the feature of economy, it may benoted thatin manufacturing'these tires one operator can work continuously on coating the inner'wall of the casing with ce- -ment; another can work continuously on introducing tubes; anotheron telescoping tho ends. of the tubes; another'on introducing the solvent; and another .on closing up the casings, in which way alarge number of time can be produced with great rapidity and economy, as will be readily understood by those acquainted with the various problems involved in the manufacturing industries.

It will also'be noted that after telescoping the ends of the inner tube, the latter canbo temporarily inflated to test the integrity of the joint before introducing the solvent.

Broadly considered, I can in place of costing the inner side of the casing with cement, as hereinbefore described, coat the outer surface of the inner tube with cement and permit such coating of cement to dry,. preparatory'to'introducing the inner tube .within'the casing,'or in place ofthus coating with cement one ofthe two surfaces which will be opposed the one to the other and which are formed by the outer surface of. the inner tube and tho inner surface of the casing, I can separately coat both of such surfaces with cementand after the cement is dry, introduce the inner tube within the casing and then introduce the solvent. I prefer, however, as amatter of'further-improvement to coat the inner side of the casing only with cement, as hereinbefore firstdescribed.

What I claim as my invention is- 1 The processof manufacturing pneumatic tires consisting in separately forming and vulcanizing an annular tubular pneumatictire casing and aninner air-tube therefor;

coating with cement one or both of the two areas of surface which will be opposed the one to the other, and respectively formed by the inner tube and inner surface of the casing when the inner tube is in place within the latter; drying such cement preparatory to placing the inner tube Within the casing; drawing the inner tube within thecasing; subjecting the surface thus coated'with ce-' ment to the action of a solvent toagain render it adhesive; and inflating the inner tube to effect a cemented union between the inner tube and easing, substantially as set forth.

2. The process of manufacturing pneumatic tires consisting essentially in separately forming and vulcanizing an annular, tubular pneumatic-tire casingand an inner air-tube therefor; coating the inner surface of .the easing with cement and drying the latterpreparatory to the introduction of the inner airtube; introducing the inner air-tube Within the casing thus prepared; subjecting the cement upon the inner surface of the casing containing the inner air-tube to the action of a solvent so as to again render it adhesive; and inflating the inner air-tube so as to bring together the outer surface of the inner airjof layers of fabric and :cem'ent preparatory to introducing an inner hair-tube and inner cement-coated wall of the casing a solventacting to again render the ocment on such inner wall adhesive; and inflatt-ube and the inner cement-coated surfaceof the casing while the cement is in an adhesive condition and'cause such opposing surfaces of the casing and the inner air-tubeto unite, substantially as described.- c 3r 3. The process of manufacturingpneum'atic Y tires, consisting essentially in coating with cement theinner lining of fabric of anfendless; tubular pneumatic-tire casing composed rubber; drying such 35 air-tube introducing an inner air-tube within the casing thus prepared; telescoping 'the ends of the air-tube; passing between the ing the'air-tube while such cement isadhe: sive so as to unite the outer surface ofthe air-tube with the inner surface of the casing, 45.

substantially as set forth. v V

ERNEST W. YOUNG. Witnesses:

MARGARET M'Mqmn, ARTHUR FQDURAND. 

